Urinalysis tests for which substances?

Urinalysis tests for which substances?

• A. Glucose, Protein, Ketones, Nitrites
• B. Glucose, Protein, Ketones, Leukocytes, and Nitrites
• C. Glucose, Protein, Ketones, Nitrites, Leukocytes, and Blood
• D. Glucose, Ketones, Nitrites, and Blood

Answer: (C)

A urinalysis dipstick is designed to screen for substances that reflect metabolic state, kidney function, infection, and bleeding in the urinary tract. The substances listed—glucose, protein, and ketones—reveal metabolic and renal status (glucose can indicate diabetes when elevated, protein suggests kidney damage or overload, and ketones indicate fat metabolism or poor carbohydrate use). Nitrites and leukocytes are markers of infection (nitrites point to certain bacteria that convert nitrates to nitrites, and leukocyte esterase signals white blood cells in the urine). Blood on the dipstick can indicate bleeding anywhere along the urinary tract or factors like hemolysis or rhabdomyolysis. Taken together, these six substances cover the key indicators checked in a typical urinalysis. Options that omit any one of these markers would be less comprehensive: missing leukocytes or nitrites reduces infection detection, and missing blood would miss potential bleeding.

A urinalysis dipstick is designed to screen for substances that reflect metabolic state, kidney function, infection, and bleeding in the urinary tract. The substances listed—glucose, protein, and ketones—reveal metabolic and renal status (glucose can indicate diabetes when elevated, protein suggests kidney damage or overload, and ketones indicate fat metabolism or poor carbohydrate use). Nitrites and leukocytes are markers of infection (nitrites point to certain bacteria that convert nitrates to nitrites, and leukocyte esterase signals white blood cells in the urine). Blood on the dipstick can indicate bleeding anywhere along the urinary tract or factors like hemolysis or rhabdomyolysis. Taken together, these six substances cover the key indicators checked in a typical urinalysis.

Options that omit any one of these markers would be less comprehensive: missing leukocytes or nitrites reduces infection detection, and missing blood would miss potential bleeding.